Resumos
Planta Med. 1989 Apr;55(2):117-22.
Ellagitannins as active
constituents of medicinal plants.
Okuda T, Yoshida T, Hatano T.
Isolation and structure
determination, accompanied by measurement of various biological activities of
each isolated tannin, particularly of ellagitannins, have brought about a
marked change in the concept of tannins as active constituents of medicinal
plants. Their biological activities should now be discussed on the basis of
the structural differences among each tannin, in a way similar to that of the
other types of natural organic compounds. The anti-tumor activity exclusively
exhibited by several oligomeric ellagitannins, and their anti-HIV activities
are examples of such biological activities. The inhibitory activity against
lipid peroxidation, which is different in the strength among tannins of
various structures, is exhibited in general more strongly by ellagitannins
than by the other types of tannins of similar structures. The
radical-scavenging activities of tannins as the mechanism of their inhibition,
which is regarded to participate in several biological activities of tannins,
have been supported by the ESR spectral measurements. Other biological
activities, i.e., inhibition of mutagenicity of carcinogens, inhibition of
tumor promotion, etc., have been found for tannins including ellagitannins.
J Basic Microbiol.
2004;44(2):157-60.
Antimicrobial evaluation of
fungal extracts produced by endophytic strains of Phomopsis sp.
Corrado M, Rodrigues KF. Department of Mycology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute,
FIOCRUZ, P.O. Box 926, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Crude extract of cultures of
13 fungal strains identified as Phomopsis sp. and isolated as endophytes
from the leaves of Aspidosperma tomentosum and twigs of Spondias mombin were
examined for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. The screening
was conducted using the bioautographic TLC agar-overlay technique against
bacteria (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus), yeast (C. albicans, S.
cerevisiae), and readily adapted for use with filamentous fungi (A. niger,
F. oxysporum). Three of the 13 extracts effectively inhibited the growth of
all test-organisms, indicating that they may represent a potential for
pharmaceutical and/or agricultural applications and are worthy of further
study. Copyright 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Feb
26;51(5):1387-92.
Analysis of volatile compounds
of taperebá (Spondias mombin L.) and cajá (Spondias mombin L.) by
simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE) and solid phase
microextraction (SPME).
Ceva-Antunes PM, Bizzo HR, Alves SM, Antunes OA. Instituto de Quimica, Universidade do Brasil, CT bloco A, Lab
641 Cidade Universitaria, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Volatile compounds of caja and
tapereba fruits, both classified as Spondias mombin, but from different
geographic origins, were extracted (and analyzed) using solid phase
microextraction (SPME) and simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE).
Forty-eight compounds were identified in tapereba and 47 in caja by SPME
using a DVB/CAR/PMDS fiber. (E)-Caryophyllene (18.7%), ethyl butyrate
(10.0%), and ethyl hexanoate (7.0%) were the most abundant components in
tapereba volatiles extracted by SPME, whereas myrcene (41.1%) and
beta-phellandrene (8.5%) were the major compounds in caja. In the tapereba
SDE extract, 46 substances were identified, and (Z)-caryophyllene (13.2%)
and limonene (9.5%) were predominant. From the 42 substances found in the
SDE extract of caja, the major components were myrcene (38.0%) and p-cymene
(6.2%). The two fruits showed similar chromatograms upon the use of SDE and
SPME. These methods made it possible to determine 30 identical components in
both fruits by using SDE and 32 by using SPME.
J Basic Microbiol.
2000;40(4):261-7.
Antimicrobial activities of secondary metabolites produced by endophytic
fungi from Spondias mombin.
Rodrigues KF, Hesse M, Werner C. Dept. Micologia, Instituto
Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
We performed a search for bioactive compounds produced by fungal
endophytes from Spondias mombin (Anacardiaceae). Culture broth extracts of
Guignardia sp., Phomopsis sp. and Pestalotiopsis guepinii were separated by
chromatographic methods and tested for biological activities. The crude
extracts of these endophytes were tested against fourteen organisms,
including actinomycetes, Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, yeast,
and filamentous fungi. All fungal extracts inhibited actinomycete growth.
Guignardia sp. was also active against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus
aureus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Geotrichum sp., and Penicillium canadensis.
Culture extracts of P. guepinii were active against S. cerevisae, while
strains of Phomopsis sp. showed a pronounced antifungal effect against
Cladosporium elatum, Mycotypha sp. and S. cerevisae.
Phytother Res. 1999 Sep;13(6):494-7.
Antimicrobial potential of
Spondias mombin, Croton zambesicus and Zygotritonia crocea.
Abo KA, Ogunleye VO, Ashidi JS.
Department of Pharmacognosy,
Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
The
antimicrobial activity of Spondias mombin, Croton zambesicus and
Zygotritonia crocea sourced from herbalists through an ethnobotanical survey
of Egbado-South in Ogun State in Nigeria is reported. The extracts of the
leaf of Spondias mombin and the stem bark of Croton zambesicus exhibited
wide spectrum antibacterial effects comparable to those of ampicillin and
gentamycin. The antifungal effect of extracts of Zygotritonia crocea and
Croton zambesicus were comparable to those of tioconazole. There is
justification for the use of these little studied medicinal plants as
antiinfective agents in traditional medicine. Copyright 1999 John Wiley
& Sons, Ltd.
Planta Med. 1994 Oct;60(5):460-3.
Antibacterial and
molluscicidal phenolic acids from Spondias mombin.
Corthout J, Pieters L, Claeys
M, Geerts S, Vanden Berghe D, Vlietinck A. Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium.
Spondias
mombin L. (Anacardiaceae), used in traditional medicine because of its
antimicrobial properties, was found to contain a series of 6-alkenyl-salicylic
acids. They were isolated from the ethanolic extract of leaves and stems of
Spondias mombin by a combination of chromatographic methods. Their structure
was determined by NMR and MS techniques as (17:3), (17:2) and (17:1)
pelandjuaic acid [or 6-(8'Z,11'Z,14'Z-heptadecatrienyl)-salicylic acid,
6-(8'Z,11'Z-heptadecadienyl)-salicylic acid, and 6-(10'Z-heptadecenyl)-salicylic
acid, respectively], 6-(12'Z-non-adecenyl)-salicylic acid, and 6-(15'Z-heneicosenyl)-salicylic
acid, the two last compounds being new ones. These phenolic acids were shown
to have a pronounced antibacterial effect against Bacillus cereus,
Streptococcus pyogenes, and Mycobacterium fortuitum (minimal bactericidal
concentration in a concentration range of 3-25 micrograms/ml), and a
molluscicidal effect against the snail Biomphalaria glabrata, an
intermediate host in the schistosome life cycle. Because of their high
molluscicidal activity (LC90 down to 1-3 ppm), these long-chain salicylic
acid derivatives may be important tools in the prevention of schistosomiasis.
J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Feb
26;51(5):1387-92.
Analysis of volatile compounds
of taperebá (Spondias mombin L.) and cajá (Spondias mombin L.) by
simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE) and solid phase
microextraction (SPME).
Ceva-Antunes PM, Bizzo HR, Alves SM, Antunes OA. Instituto de Quimica, Universidade do Brasil, CT bloco A, Lab
641 Cidade Universitaria, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Volatile
compounds of caja and tapereba fruits, both classified as Spondias mombin,
but from different geographic origins, were extracted (and analyzed) using
solid phase microextraction (SPME) and simultaneous distillation and
extraction (SDE). Forty-eight compounds were identified in tapereba and 47
in caja by SPME using a DVB/CAR/PMDS fiber. (E)-Caryophyllene (18.7%), ethyl
butyrate (10.0%), and ethyl hexanoate (7.0%) were the most abundant
components in tapereba volatiles extracted by SPME, whereas myrcene (41.1%)
and beta-phellandrene (8.5%) were the major compounds in caja. In the
tapereba SDE extract, 46 substances were identified, and (Z)-caryophyllene
(13.2%) and limonene (9.5%) were predominant. From the 42 substances found
in the SDE extract of caja, the major components were myrcene (38.0%) and
p-cymene (6.2%). The two fruits showed similar chromatograms upon the use of
SDE and SPME. These methods made it possible to determine 30 identical
components in both fruits by using SDE and 32 by using SPME.
J Nat Prod. 1994 May;57(5):654-7.
SB-202742, a novel
beta-lactamase inhibitor isolated from Spondias mombin.
Coates NJ, Gilpin ML, Gwynn MN,
Lewis DE, Milner PH, Spear SR, Tyler JW.
SmithKline Beecham
Pharmaceuticals, Chemotherapeutic Research Centre, Betchworth, Surrey, UK.
SB-202742 [1], an anacardic
acid derivative possessing beta-lactamase inhibitory activity, has been
isolated from a hexane extract of the plant, Spondias mombin. Its isolation,
structure determination, and biological activity are reported herein.
J Ethnopharmacol. 1989 Oct;26(3):317-20.
Abortifacient activity of an
aqueous extract of Spondias mombin leaves.
Offiah VN, Anyanwu II. Department of Pharmacology
and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria,
Nsukka.
Ars Pharmaceutica, 45:1; 21-43, 2004
FARRÉ R, FRASQUET I, SÁNCHEZ A - El
própolis y la salud
Actividad antiviral
El própolis ejerce efectos inhibidores frente a los
virus de la viruela vacuna, la influenza, la enfermedad de Newcastle, el
herpesvirus, la fiebre del Valle de Rift, la influenza aviaria, la infección
vírica bursal, el reovirus23 y el virus de la gripe Hong Kong, por lo que
podría ser útil en su prevención59,60,61. Esta actividad se atribuye al contenido en
compuestos fenólicos, principalmente ácido cafeico, ésteres de los ácidos
cafeico y ferúlico (3-metilbut-2-enil cafeato, 3-metilbutil ferulato) y
agliconas flavónicas (luteolina y quercetina), muy activas frente al virus
del herpes2,11. El uso de una pomada de própolis canadiense, rica en flavonoides,
redujo los síntomas locales y fue más efectiva que el aciclovir en el
tratamiento del herpes genital62 y el extracto acuoso de própolis inhibe la integración
del provirus del sarcoma murino (MuSV-124) en el genoma huésped, evitando
la malignización de las células NIH/3T363.
by José Claret Theodoro da Silva
Pharmaceutical Manager
